Find the relevant Court of Cassation judgment and trace its precedents
"Can a penalty clause be the price of a termination option rather than liquidated damages? Give me the Cassation judgment and the precedents it cites." → judgment identified by its ECLI, official summary, then the JuPortal citation graph.
See the sample output
EXAMPLE (public JuPortal data): Cass., 28 April 2011, C.10.0117.F ECLI:BE:CASS:2011:ARR.20110428.6 Summary (FR original): a penalty clause is a lump-sum compensation for damage; the trial court assesses whether the stipulated sum compensates damage or is the price of a unilateral termination option. Precedents cited (citation graph): - Cass., 9 October 2009, ECLI:BE:CASS:2009:ARR.20091009.1 - Cass., 6 September 2002, ECLI:BE:CASS:2002:ARR.20020906.5 Checked on 25/09/2026 via MCP juportal_rechercher and juportal_citations. Read the full judgment before citing it.